Episode 6: The Krononauts

How did the pandemic change our sense of time? In our season finale, we look for answers … by time traveling.

KEY SOURCES

• Remembrance of Things Present: The Invention of the Time Capsule by Nick Yabon.

• Time Travel: A History by James Gleick.

• The Culture of Time and Space, 1880-1918 by Stephen Kern.

• “Bark To The Future” (Wishbone Episode)

• The Time Machine by H. G. Wells.

• The Railway Race to the North by Oswald S. Nock.

• “Future Humans: Read This” Wet Magazine.

• The Time Traveler’s Almanac: A Time Travel Anthology Edited by Ann and Jeff VanderMeer.

• Sea of Tranquility by Emily St. John Mandel

Episode 5: Callings

In the 1940s, a freelance wiretapper named Big Jim Vaus got mixed up with the cops, the mob, and the most famous evangelist in America. This week on The Last Archive: The ballad of Big Jim and what the intersections of telephone history and American spirituality reveal about how we understand the phone.

KEY SOURCES

• The Listeners: A History of Wiretapping in the United States by Brian Hochman

• The Distance Cure: A History of Teletherapy by Hannah Zeavin

• “Connecting Lines: L.A.'s Telephone History and the Binding of the Region” by Emily Bills, Southern California Quarterly , Spring 2009, Vol. 91, No. 1 (Spring 2009), pp. 27-67

• Collection 693 Papers of Jim Vaus in the Evangelism & Missions Archives Repository at Wheaton College

• L.A. Noir: The Struggle for the Soul of America’s Most Seductive City by John Buntin

• God’s Law and Order: The Politics of Punishment in Evangelical America by Aaron Griffith

• Speaking into the Air: A History of the Idea of Communication by John Durham Peters

• Gary’s Antique Telephone Collection by Gary Goff

• My Father Was a Gangster: The Jim Vaus Story by Will Vaus

• They Called My Husband A Gangster by Alice Vaus

• Why I Quit Syndicated Crime by Jim Vaus

• The Devil Loves A Shining Mark by Jim Vaus

• Thicker’n Thieves: The 1950 Factual Expose of Police Pay-Offs, Graft, Political Corruption and Prostitution In Los Angeles and Hollywood by Charles Stoker

• Wiretapper (1955)

• America Calling: A Social History of the Telephone to 1940 by Claude S. Fischer

• The Culture of Time and Space, 1880-1918 by Stephen Kern

• The Phone Boom of the 1950s (AT&T Archival Film)

• Along Party Lines (Bell System Archival Film)

• 1946 Telephone and Telegraph Careers (Archival Instructional Film)

• Billy Graham Newsreel (1949)

• “CALIFORNIA: Brenda’s Revenge,” TIME magazine, July 11, 1949

• “NEW YORK: Reaching the Unreachables,” TIME magazine, December 19, 1960

• “Nation’s Telephone System Expansion Tops All Records” The Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles, California) · 28 Apr 1946, Sun · Page 13.

• 'Wiretapper' Will Bring Bill Williams' Return; 'Pompey' Plans Shaped

• Schallert, Edwin Los Angeles Times (1923-1995); Dec 27, 1954; ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Los Angeles Times pg. B9

Episode 4: Acting Out

In the 1930s, at a women's reformatory in upstate New York, an upstart social scientist made a study that launched the field of social network analysis. It was revolutionary, but missed something happening at the same time at the same school, something we know now in part from the story of the school's most famous inmate: Ella Fitzgerald.

KEY SOURCES

• “Ward of the State; The Gap in Ella Fitzgerald’s Life” by Nina Bernstein. New York Times. June 23, 1996. 

• Impromptu Man: J. L. Moreno and the Origins of Psychodrama, Encounter Culture, and the Social Network by Jonathan D. Moreno

• Becoming Ella Fitzgerald: The Jazz Singer Who Transformed American Song by Judith Tick (upcoming December 2023).

• Who Shall Survive? By J. L. Moreno (and Helen Hall Jennings). 1934 & 1953 editions.

• The First Book on Group Psychotherapy by J.L. Moreno

• Jacob Levy Moreno 1889-1974 by René F. Marineau

• J. L. Moreno (Key Figures in Counselling and Psychotherapy Series) by A. Paul Hare & June Rabson Hare.

• “The Ungovernable Ella Fitzgerald” by Russ Immarigeon. October 29, 2014.

• Board of Social Welfare, State of New York. Report on the Training School. Sept. 1936. New York State Governor Herbert H. Lehman central subject and correspondence files. New York State Archives.

• Opinions of the New York State Attorney General. March 30, 1932.

• New York State Governor Herbert H. Lehman central subject and correspondence files. New York State Archives.

• Jacob L. Moreno papers. Center for the History of Medicine (Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine).

• Dr. Brill Defies Move to Stop Lincoln Talk. New York Times. June 4, 1931.

• “Emotions Mapped by New Geography.” New York Times. April 3, 1933. 

• Thinking Small: The United States and the Lure of Community Development by Daniel Immerwahr

• The Development of Social Network Analysis by Linton C. Freeman.

• The Delaney Report (1915). Prison Public Memory.

• The Black Child-Savers: Racial Democracy and Juvenile Justice by Geoff Ward.

• The Child Savers: The Invention of Delinquency by Anthony Platt.

• Shadows Illuminated: Women in a Rural Culture by Terry Jaakkola & Julia Lambert Frericks [out of print via Minnesota Historical Society; source for details about Fannie French Morse’s person, habits, and suspicions of her time in Minnesota].

• “In Memoriam: Fannie French Morse: 1866-1944” by Richard Firestone. Sociometry, Vol. 7, No. 1, (February 1944) pp. 76-78.
  “REFORM METHODS REVERSED AT N. Y. TRAINING SCHOOL.” The Springfield Sunday Union and Republican. December 13, 1936.

• “Hudson Girls' School Shook Off Prison Air Under Mrs. Morse” by Paul Benton. The Ogdensburg Republican-Journal. May 5, 1931.

• “Delinquent Girls Are Helped Through Work” by Virginia Pope. New York Times. August 22, 1926.

• “Dr. Morse Retiring From State Duties” by Anne Petersen. New York Times. November 7, 1937.

• “REFORMATORY WILL GET NEW RACE POLICY: Negro Discrimination Is Ordered To Be Abolished Special to The Amsterdam News.” The New York Amsterdam News (1922-1938); Nov 21, 1936; ProQuest pg. 1

• “The Theater Where Ella Fitzgerald Got Her Start” by Reggie Nadelson. The New York Times Style Magazine. June 25, 2020.

• Ella Fitzgerald: A Biography of the First Lady of Jazz, Updated Edition by Stuart Nicholson.

• Bobbie Wygant Interviewing Ella Fitzgerald

• Ella Fitzgerald interviewed by André Previn 1979

• The Voice of the Father (interview with J.L. Moreno)

Episode 3: Parakeet Panic

When invasive parakeets began to spread in New York City in the 1970s, the government decided it needed to kill them all. Today: The offbeat panic about wild parrots, and a history of anxieties about population growth.

KEY SOURCES

New York State Archives. New York (State). Governor. Public information photographs, 1910-1992. Series 13703-82, Box 4, No. 10380_047

Parrot Culture: Our 2,500-Year-Long Fascination With the World’s Most Talkative Bird by Bruce Thomas Boehrer

www.brooklynparrots.com, Steve Baldwin.

Trash Animals: How We Live With Nature’s Filthy, Feral, Invasive, and Unwanted Species by Charles Mitchell

The Limits To Growth (book), by Donella H. Meadows, Dennis L. Meadows, Jørgen Randers, & William W. Behrens III

The Limits To Growth (film)

“Shakespeare’s Starlings: Literary History and the Fictions of Invasiveness” by Lauren Fugate & John MacNeill Miller. Environmental Humanities (2021) 13 (2): 301-322.

“Meddling With Nature: The Acclimatization Movement and Central Park Starlings” by Jaap Haarskamp. New York Almanack.

European Starling, New York Invasive Species Information

State Acts to Wipe Out Monk Parakeet: State Moves Against Monk Parakeet

By HAROLD FABER. New York Times (1923-Current file); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]. 07 Apr 1973: 1.

New York Plans Drive to Destroy Monk Parakeets Los Angeles Times (1923-1995); Los Angeles, Calif. [Los Angeles, Calif]. 08 Apr 1973: 11

“The Environmental Movement’s Retreat from Advocating U.S. Population Stabilization (1970–1998)” By Roy Beck (bio) and Leon Kolankiewicz (bio) Journal of Policy History Volume 12, Number 1, 2000 Penn State University Press

The Bet: Paul Ehrlich, Julian Simon, and Our Gamble over Earth’s Future by Paul Sabin

Fatal Misconception: The Struggle to Control World Population by Matthew Connelly

“The Monk Parakeet: A Jailbird Who Made Good” by Nicholas Lund, Audubon.

“Of Birds, Guano, and Man: William Vogt’s Road To Survival” by Maureen A. McCormick. 2005.

“Population Cycles, Disease, and Networks of Ecological Knowledge” by Susan D. Jones. Journal of the History of Biology (2017) 50:357–391

“Quiet Village” by Martin Denny

“Tiki Takeover: Veteran Escapism and the Rise of 1950s Polynesian Pop”
“Taboo: Time and Belief in Exotica” by Phil Ford, Representations (2008).

Episode 2: The Word For Man Is Ishi

In 1911, a Native American man, the only member of his community to survive a genocide, encountered the new Anthropology department at the University of California, Berkeley. What happened next helped to define the ethical quandaries of the field and, in a strange turn, the history of science fiction. This episode: That story and the moral stakes of imagining the past and the future.

KEY SOURCES

• Ishi’s Brain by Orin Starn

• Ishi in Two Worlds by Theodora Kroeber

• The Unnaming of Kroeber Hall: Language, Memory, and Indigenous California by Andrew Garrett

• Playing Indian by Philip J. Deloria

• “Ishi’s Story,” Returns: Becoming Indigenous in the Twenty-First Century, by James Clifford.

• Worlds of Ursula K. Le Guin, directed by Arwen Curry.

• “The Fantastic Ursula K. Le Guin” by Julie Phillips, New Yorker, October 10, 2016

• “Salvage Anthropology ‘A Nasty Business’,” Season 2 Episode 2 of Challenging Colonialism

• “The Legacy of Kroeber, Ishi, & UC Berkeley,” Season 2 Episode 3 of Challenging Colonialism

• “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” by Ursula K. Le Guin. Used by permission of Curtis Brown, Ltd. Copyright © 1973. All Rights reserved.

• The Word For World Is Forest by Ursula K. Le Guin

• The Left Hand of Darkness by Ursula K. Le Guin

• Ishi by Richard Burrill

• Gold, Greed and Genocide by the International Indian Treaty Council

• The Dispossessed by Ursula K. Le Guin

• “1973 Talk at Red Bluff High School,” Ad Kessler

• Alfred Kroeber: A Personal Configuration, By Theodora Kroeber

• “The Radical History of the Red Power Movement’s Fight for Native American Sovereignty” by Erin Blakemore, National Geographic, November 25, 2020

• “Native Americans seized Wounded Knee 50 Years Ago. Here’s What 1 Reporter Remembers” by Rachel Treisman, NPR

• “Remembering Vine Deloria, Jr.” by Jennifer Davis, Library of Congress

• “How a UC Berkeley Professor Taught With Remains Suspected To Be Native American” by Mary Hudetz, ProPublica and Graham Lee Brewer, MSNBC & ProPublica

• “Mister Ishi: Analogies of Exile, Deliverance, and Liberty” by Gerald Vizenor, Ishi in Three Centuries, edited by Karl Kroeber and Clifton Kroeber

• “The Power of Names” by Justice Gary Strankman, Ishi in Three Centuries, edited by Karl Kroeber and Clifton Kroeber

• “Ishi and the University” by Karen Biestman, Ishi in Three Centuries, edited by Karl Kroeber and Clifton Kroeber

• “A Personal Remembrance of Ishi” by Fred H. Zumwalt Jr., Ishi in Three Centuries, edited by Karl Kroeber and Clifton Kroeber

• “When the World Was New: Ishi’s Stories” by Jean Perry, Ishi in Three Centuries, edited by Karl Kroeber and Clifton Kroeber

• Vine Deloria on Native Americans (1972)

• Ursula K. Le Guin, Avenali Chair in the Humanities (talk)

• Richard Oakes delivering the Alcatraz Proclamation (1969) - from THE EDUCATION ARCHIVE

• Flash Gordon Conquers the Universe (1940)

• “LAST OF VANISHED TRIBE: Only Survivor of Bloodthirsty Indians Turns Up Starving” Nashville Tennessean and the Nashville American (1910-1920); Aug 31, 1911; ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The Nashville Tennessean (1812-1922) pg. 3

• “A Live Man from the Stone Age to Tell Us How Stone Age Men Behaved” The San Francisco Examiner (San Francisco, California) · Sun, Nov 5, 1911

• “Ishi, Glorious In Freedom, Is Most Inglorious In Captivity” Oroville Daily Register (Oroville, California) · Sat, Mar 14, 1914

• “It’s All Too Much For Ishi; Says the Scientist” by A. L. Kroeber, The San Francisco Call (San Francisco, California) · Sun, Oct 8, 1911

• “History of Man Shown In New Museum” The San Fracisco Examiner, 04 Oct 1911, Wed. Page 10

• “Ishi Continues to Draw Crowds” San Francisco Chronicle

• 05 Nov 1911, Sun. Page 47

• “‘The Heaven of the White People,’ Ishi Calls the Orpheum” by Grant Wallace, The San Francisco Call (San Francisco, California) · Sun, Oct 8, 1911. Page 4.

• Interview with Mrs. John Parks Davis (née Elizabeth Pope), Marshall H. Kuhn, February 23, 1973. Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology.

• Interview with Saxton Pope, Marshall H. Kuhn, December 9, 1972.

• Archival material used courtesy of University of Oregon | Special Collections and University Archives.

• Ishi, Myth of Wood-duck,” Thomas T. Waterman, September 1911, Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology